Power-transmitting apparatus applicable to friction-drums.



No. 642,862. Patented Feb. 6, I900.

. H. N. COVELL.

POWER TRANSMITTING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO FRICTION DRUMS.

{Appiication filed Feb. 24, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I,

(No Model.)

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Patented Feb. 6, 1900.

H. N. CUVELL. POWER TRANSMITTING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO FRICTION DRUMS.

(Application filed Feb. 24, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2,

(No Model.)

In veniow.

Patented Feb. 6, I900. H. N. COVELL.

POWER TRANSMITTING APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO' FRICTION DRUMS.

(Application filed Feb. 24, 1898.) (No Model.)

3 SheetsSheet 3,

I 4 m uw u II IIIII J/ $2 7M. F717.

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STATES rrrcn.

ATENT HARRY N. OOVELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 642,862, dated February 6, 1900. Application filed February 24, 1898. Serial No. 671,411. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HARRY N. COVELL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, (Brooklyn,) in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power- Transmitting Apparatus Applicable to Friction-Drums, of which the following is a specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an end View of a friction-drum employing my present invention in one form. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same, partly in section. Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views of parts thereof in section, Fig. 4 being a view in cross-section on the line 44 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an end view of a friction-drum involving my present invention in another form. Fig. 6 is a top view Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are detail views of the same, Fig. 9 being a section on the line 9 9 of Fig. 8. Figs. 10 to 16, inclusive, are details. Fig. 17 is a detail of a portion of Fig. 16 on an enlarged scale.

3, and 3 are standards from the horizontal base 3 in which a horizontal shaft4is journa-led.

2 is a lever by means of which the drum, which is loose on the shaft 4, is brought into friction contact with the driving mechanism on spur-wheel 5,which is fixed on the shaft 4.

6 is a friction member attached to the drum, and 7 is a friction member attached to the spur-wheel.

Referring to the construction of Figs. 1 t0 4, the following mechanism is concerned in thrusting the drum toward the spur-wheel, so as to produce the requisite friction between the members 6 and 7. 37 is a shoulder fast to or integral with the shaft 4, forming an abutment for the spur-wheel 5, so placed that it sustains and protects the bearing on 3 from the end thrust exerted by the drum against the spur-wheel. 30 is a collar fixed to the shaft inside of the bearing on standard 3 and which acts as an abutment to sustain the backward end thrust of the mechanism about to be described, by which the drum is thrust toward the spur-wheel and protects said bearing from such end thrust. By the location of the abutinents 30 and 37 and by their being fixed to the shaft the end thrust of the mechanism between them, by which the friction is produced, is borne by the shaft itself and removed from the bearings of the shaft. The abutment 37 may consist of a fixture upon the shaft, because the drum and spurwheel are slid onto the shaft from the opposite end; but for the same reason the abutment'30 must be made removable from the shaft, and I therefore may construct it, as shown in Figs. 2 and 12, in the form of a split ring or collar embracing the shaft and fitting into a groove or depression 30 cut into the surface of the shaft; but I prefer to construct it in such manner that the point at which it is fixed to the shaft is capable of adjustment for the purpose of compensating for the wear that will take place between the friction members 6 and 7. To this end I prefer to make and attach the collar as shown in either Figs. 10, 11, 13, 14, or 16. In each of Figs. 10, 11,13, and 14 a screw-thread 4 is cut on the shaft. In Fig. 10 the abutment is formed by two jam-nuts 30 and 30 internally threaded to the shaft. In Fig. 11 the abutment is formed by a split collar or ring similar to 30 of Fig. 12, excepting that it is internally threaded to the shaft. In Fig. 13 the abutment consists of a collar 30, internally threaded to the shaft and fixed from rotation by the setscrew 30 In Figs. 14 and 15 the abutment consists of a collar 30 screw-threaded to the shaft and provided with a loose piece 30, which may be jammed to prevent turning by the set screw 30 In. Fig. 16 the screwthread by which said adjustment is produced is transferred toscrews 4*, by which the disk 33 is connected with the drum-head 17. 32 is a cam member in the form of a collar upon the shaft and held from rotation by connection with the fixed strut 32. 31 is a camsurface in the form of a collar free to rotate on the shaft. 33 and 34 is a ball-bearing holder in the form of a collar upon the shaft interposed between the cam member 32 and the abutment 30. '35 and 36 is another ballbearing holder in the form of a-collar on the shaft interposed between the cam member 31 and the end of the rope-drum. The lever 2 is clamped to the movable cam member 31, as shown. By applying power to the v lever 2 the cam-surface 31 is rotated on the cam-surface 32 and the friction member 6 of the drum is pressed against the friction member 7 of the spur-wheel. The end thrust in one direction thereby produced is transmitted through the spur-wheel to the abutment 37, and the end thrust in the opposite direction is transmitted from the cam member 32 through the ball-bearing holder 33 34 and the balls contained therein and borne by the abutment 30, so that the bearings on the standards 3 and 3 are substantially relieved from end thrust.

Heretofore in building friction rope-drums cam members similar to 31 and 32 have sometimes been interposed directly between the drum and the bearing for the shaft for the purpose of producing end thrust; but this. form of construction has been considered so objectionable that it. has not been adopted where another form was practicable. The transmission of end-thrust power between the cam and the drum produced most damaging conditions of wear, heating, and loss of power. By my construction I am for the first time enabled to overcome such damaging conditions, and this I do to practically perfection by the employment of the ball bearings and holders in the combination shown.

In the construction shown in Figs. 5 to 9, inclusive, my invention is shown applied to another class of friction-drum mechanismnamely, that class in which the end thrust to force the rope-drum toward a spur or power wheel is furnished by a screw 10, threaded in a nut 50, fixed to the standard 3 by bolts 13, which screw 10 forces. a pin 9, loosely placedl in the center of the shaft, against a gib 8,;

which presses a collar 11 against the druml In this class of friction rope-drums hereto-E fore the end of the screw-pin 10 has impingedg.

against the end of the pin 9, and the enormous pressure exerted at times between the; ends of these two pins, coupled with the rapid| rotation of the pin 9 on the pin 10, has caused friction to an extent very damaging to thel operation of the machine. Attempts have; been made to overcome this friction-as, for? example, by the use of the lubricating-box shown in the Beekman patent, No. 541,308, dated June 18, 1895-which attempts have been only partially successful, so that no way has been known until my invention of overcoming the difficulty in cases where the power exerted between the pins was great. I, however, have solved the problem by interposing between the ends of said pins, as shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, a holder 14: 15, containing ball-bearings. In combination withf the above I may also employ the oil-box 13, similar to the oil-box described in said Beekman patent, but inclosing in this case the ballbearing holder 14 15 in addition to the ends of the pins 9 and 10.

It will be seen that in both of the forms of friction-drum mechanism above described I employ one or more ball-bearing holders. Each of these holders consists of two members, as 14: and 15 of Fig. 8 or 33 and 34. of Fig. 3. One half of the ball-bearing groove is cut in the face of one member and the other half in the face of the other member. Concentric with this groove each member contains provision for the reception of the shaft or other member, the axis of which is to constitute the center of rotation and which serves as a support for the member. Thus in Fig. 3 both members 33 and 34 are bored with corresponding holes to receive the horizontal shaft 4:, upon which the holder (shown in Fig. 3 as a unit) may be slid. Thus, also, in Fig. 8 the member 15 contains a central hole at 15, adapted to receive and to be screw-threaded to the end of the pin 9, while the member 14 contains a concentric hole 14, adapted to receive loosely the end of the screw-pin 10. 16 is a ring attached to one of the members by screws 16'- and provided with a flange 16", fitting over the edge of the opposite member, whereby the two parts lat 15 of the holder are retained in their relativepositions and whereby dust and dirt are prevented from having access to the interior. A hole 16 may be provided through the ring 16 for the insertion of oil for lubrication.

I claim- 1. In a friction rope-drum, in combination, the shaft, the rope-drum movable thereon, the power-wheel, the bearings for the shaft, two abutments secured against longitudinal movement on the shaft independent of the bearings and located at opposite ends of the drum, one of said abutments being removable, and the cam members 31 and 32 interposed between one of said abutments and the drum, all substantially as described; whereby the end thrust produced by said cam members is removed from said end bearings, substantially as described.

2. In a friction rope-drum, in combination, the shaft, a rope-drum movable thereon, a power-wheel, the bearings for the shaft, two abutmentssecured against longitudinal movement on the shaft independent of the bearings and located at opposite ends of the drum, one of said abutments being removable, the cam members 31 and 32 interposed between one of said abutments and the drum, and a means of adjustment whereby the normal distance between the drum and the lastnamed abutment may bevaried to compensate for wear of the friction-surfaces, substantially as described. 7

3. In a friction rope-drum, in combination, the shaft, the drum movable thereon, the power-wheel, the cam members 31 and 32 whereby the end thrust is supplied necessary for applying the friction, ball-bearings through which said end thrust is transmitted, other ball-bearings whereon the reaction due to said thrust is sustained, and two abutments secured to the shaft against longitudinal movement thereon at opposite ends of said movable drum whereby the said end thrust is borne independently of the bearings of the shaft, substantially as described.

4:- In a friction-drum apparatus, in combination, a constantly-rotating shaft, a friction member rotating with the shaft, a drum loose on the shaft, a second friction member fixed to the drum, a collar on the shaft in contact with the surface of the drum, asecond collar on the shaft, a series of balls located between said two collars, a third collar on the shaft, a fourth collar on the shaft, mechanism whereby said third and fourth collars are spread apart and an abutment fixed against longitudinal movement on the shaft whereby the backward thrust of saidspreading mechanisms is borne, substantially as described.

5. In a friction-drum apparatus, in combination, a constantly-rotating shaft, a friction member rotating with the shaft, a drum loose on the shaft, a second friction member fixed to the drum, a collar on the shaft in contact with the surface of the drum, a second collar on the shaft, a series of balls located between said two collars, a third collar on the shaft, a fourth collar on the shaft,mechanism whereby said third and fourth collars are spread apart, a fifth collar on the shaft, a sixth col lar on the shaft, a series of balls located between said fifth and sixth collars and an abutment fixed against longitudinal movement on the shaft whereby the backward thrust of said spreading mechanism is borne, substantially as described.

Signed at New York, (Brooklyn,) in the county of Kings and State of New York, this 18th day of February, A. D. 1898.

HARRY N. OOVELL. lVitnesses:

CHAS. O. PIERCE, CHAS. G. MUNIER. 

